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Introduction of Microfinance Company
Microfinance Company provide financial services such as loans, savings, and insurance to needy people of the society and small business entrepreneur who will not be able to qualify for a standard bank loan.
Features of Microfinance Institutions
Here are the following key features of Microfinance Company:
- Microfinance Institutions must be incorporated as per the Companies Act 2013 or 1956.
- Before starting operations they must have a minimum net worth as prescribed by the authority.
- They must have obtained the necessary license or permit.
- They are involved in the low amount of financing to the needy people of society.
Benefits of Microfinance Company Registration
For Microfinance Institutions in India, Reserve Bank of India has created a policy framework in order to provide necessary legitimacy to the sector.
Here are the following benefits of Microfinance Company:
- It helps in encouraging self-sufficiency and entrepreneurship
- Smooth access to funding
- Better overall loan repayment rate in comparison to traditional banks.
- It helps in strengthening the financial condition by meeting the credit needs of needy people by giving a different type of loans such as emergency loans, business loan, working capital loan, housing loan etc.
Type of Legal Structure for Microfinance Company Registration
| Particulars | NBFC-MFI | Societies and Trust | Section 8 Company | Cooperative Society |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Govern by | As per Companies Act, 2013 with the Reserve Bank of India | Society Registration as per Society Registration Act, 1860 and Trust Registration as per Indian Trust Act, 1882 | Registration as per Companies Act, 2013 | Registration as per Cooperative Societies Act, 2002 |
| Net Worth Requirement | Rs. 5 Crore and Rs. 2 Crore in case of North East States | No Minimum Requirement | No Minimum Requirement | No Minimum Requirement |
Industry Analysis
India is world’s second fastest growing economy with a large population. Government banks and private sector banks cannot open their branch in every village. Though Indian banks have increased their presence but still, have limited reach in remote areas. Microfinance Institutions (MFI) mainly working in villages / remote area to empower farmers and small business.
What are Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) as NBFC?
Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) are a non-deposit taking NBFC (other Than a company licensed under section 8 of the Companies Act, 2013), which performs banking at a small level as a bank does. MFI Exist at a very small level than NBFC. MFI stands for Microfinance Institutions which provides similar lending services as NBFC to the poor and weaker sections of the society who do not have access to regular banking facilities.
Microfinance Company Registration Requirements
For, Microfinance Company Registration or you can say MFI registration in India, there is a requirement of minimum paid-up capital of Rs. 5 crores. Whereas in the case of the North-East region of India, the minimum paid-up share capital requirement is Rs. 2 Crore only. MFIs have to maintain 85% qualifying assets all the time. MFI has to abide by the guidelines issued by RBI for NBFCs in general in relation to the terms & condition of loans.
Note: No company can carry the activities of Microfinance Company without obtaining the prior approval of RBI (Reserve Bank of India).
Documents Required for MFI Registration in India
- Duly Certified copy of Certificate of Incorporation of a company.
- Certified copy of Memorandum and Articles of Association (MOA & AOA) of the Company
- Board Resolution in relation to the proposed Microfinance company registration
- Banker’s Report
- Auditors report regarding receipt of the minimum net owned fund (NOF) of the applicant company
- A certificate of Chartered Accountant regarding details of group/associate/subsidiary/holding companies along with the details of investments in other NBFCs as shown in the Performa Balance Sheet
- A certified copy of the highest educational and professional qualification of all the proposed directors of an applicant company.
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Who can borrow loan from MFI (Microfinance Institutions) and what are the prescribed limits?
Who can borrow loan from MFI (Microfinance Institutions) and what are the prescribed limits?
A borrower whose total annual income does not exceed Rs. 100,000 in rural area or Rs. 1,60,000 in urban and semi-urban and loan amount cannot be more than Rs. 50,000/- in the first cycle and in subsequent cycle Rs. 1,00,000/-. Under this, loan to be extended without collateral.
What will be the tenure of the loan and what will be the loan repayment method?
Minimum loan tenure should not be less than 24 months. If the loan amount is more than Rs.15000 then the repayment can be made by the borrower without any penalty. MFI has to give a loan to eligible borrowers without any collateral or margin money. At least 70% of total loan amount has to be offered to borrowers by MFI for Income generation. Under this, it will be a choice of borrowers to repay the loan amount weekly or fortnight or in monthly installments.
Can MFIs give loans for the personal use of borrowers?
Yes, the loan can be given for the personal purpose of the borrowers by MFI, the however aggregate amount cannot exceed 30% of the total loan.
Is it mandatory for MFI to become a member of CIBIL?
It is mandatory for MFI to apply for CIBIL membership.
Can Prepayment penalty be levied by MFI?
No, prepayment penalty cannot be levied by MFI.
What are the restrictions regarding interest rate and loan processing charges of MFI?
Microfinance Companies are not eligible to charge a higher rate of interest from the prescribed rate of interest and maximum variation cannot exceed 4% while if we talk about loan processing charges then it cannot exceed 1% of the gross loan amount. MFI can levy loan insurance charges separately.
What will the total cost of Microfinance Company Registration in India?
The total cost will be around Rs.8,00,000 out of which Rs. 5,00,000 will be the professional fees and rest will be the government fees. If you are thinking that professional fees are quite high, then you are wrong as it is a very complex and time-consuming process.